Oracle 19c Server

Oracle Database Software Installation

Terminology

• unified system
• split system
• application host
• DBMS host
• combined host
• Oracle software owner

Oracle 19c Database Software Installation Documentation

• Oracle Database Installation Guide 19c for Linux (Part Number E96432)
• Oracle Database Release Notes 19c (Part Number E96072)

Requirements for Oracle 19c Database Software

Operating System

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 [minimum 8.10] (AMD/Intel x86-64) 64-bit
Kernel 4.18.0-553.22.1.el8_10.x86_64 or later

Oracle 19c Database Software Bit Size

 LeasePak requires the 64-bit Oracle 19c Database software.

Oracle 19c Database Software Edition

• Oracle Database Enterprise Edition (64-bit)
• Oracle Database Standard Edition 2 (64-bit)

Download Oracle 19c Database Software

Oracle Database 19c for Linux x86-64

Do not download the RPM-based Oracle Database software, which is entitled "Oracle Database 19c for Linux x86-64 (RPM)".

Pre-Installation Tasks for root

  Perform the following tasks on the DBMS host as the root user.

1. Create Unix groups for the Oracle software owner.
2. Create Unix user account for the Oracle software owner.
3. Create Unix directories for the Oracle 19c Database software.
4. Configure operating system by installing the Oracle Preinstallation RPM.

1. Create Unix Groups for Oracle Software Owner

orainv is the Oracle Inventory Unix group, and oradba is the Oracle Administrative Unix group. Enter the following commands at the Unix prompt to create the two groups:

# groupadd orainv
# groupadd oradba

2. Create Unix User Account for Oracle Software Owner

The Unix user account of the Oracle software owner is typically named oracle, and bash is usually the login shell of the account.

Enter the following command at the Unix prompt to create an account named oracle with a primary group of orainv and a secondary group of oradba.

# useradd -c "Oracle software owner" -m -N -g orainv -G oradba oracle

The default login shell is determined by the value of SHELL in the /etc/default/useradd file. If SHELL is set to /bin/bash in /etc/default/useradd, the login shell of the Oracle software owner will automatically be set to bash. If SHELL is not set to /bin/bash in /etc/default/useradd, add the -s bash_shell_path option to the above useradd command to make bash the login shell of the account.

3. Create Unix Directories for Oracle 19c Database Software

Create the following directories with the listed ownership and permissions:

Directory	Description	Owner	Group	Permissions
/opt/oraInventory	Oracle Inventory	oracle	orainv	0770
/opt/oracle	Oracle Base	oracle	orainv	0775
/opt/oracle/product	Product	oracle	orainv	0775
/opt/oracle/product/19c	Version	oracle	orainv	0775
/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1	Oracle Database Home	oracle	orainv	0775

4. Configure Operating System by Installing Oracle Preinstallation RPM

Installing the Oracle Preinstallation RPM will automatically configure the Linux operating system according to the requirements of Oracle. The Preinstallation RPM performs various tasks such as setting kernel parameters, installing packages, and setting resource limits.

1. Download the Preinstallation RPM from the Oracle Yum repository by entering at the Unix prompt:

   # curl -o oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm \
   https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/appstream/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm
   
   

   Enter the above curl command as three separate lines. The \ at the end of the first two lines is the bash line-continuation character.
2. Install the Preinstallation RPM by entering at the Unix prompt:

   
   # yum -y localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm
   

3. Check the preinstall log file to review the configuration changes. The path of the log file is:

   /var/log/oracle-database-preinstall-19c/backup/timestamp/orakernel.log

4. Delete the dba and oinstall Unix groups by entering at the Unix prompt:

   # groupdel dba
   # groupdel oinstall
   

   The above groups were created by the Preinstallation RPM, but are not needed because we use the oradba and orainv groups instead.

5. Delete the following Unix groups (except as noted below) by entering at the Unix prompt:

   # groupdel backupdba
   # groupdel dgdba
   # groupdel kmdba
   # groupdel oper
   # groupdel racdba
   

   The above groups were created by the Preinstallation RPM. Skip the delete of any groups that you are planning to use as privileged operating system groups recognized by Oracle.

Pre-Installation Tasks for Oracle Software Owner

  Perform the following tasks on the DBMS host as the Oracle software owner.

1. Log on the DBMS host as the Oracle software owner.
2. Add these commands to the Oracle software owner's .bash_profile file:

   umask 022
   export LANG=C
   export LC_ALL=C
   

3. Make sure the Oracle software owner's .bash_profile file is not setting any Oracle-related environment variables, including but not limited to:

   ORACLE_BASE
   ORACLE_HOME
   ORACLE_SID
   NLS_LANG
   LD_LIBRARY_PATH (to add $ORACLE_HOME/lib)
   PATH (to add $ORACLE_HOME/bin)
   

   If it is setting Oracle-related environment variables (ORACLE_BASE, ORACLE_HOME, ORACLE_SID, NLS_LANG, etc), comment out or remove those lines from the file. For LD_LIBRARY_PATH and PATH, re-define the environment variable to remove Oracle paths ($ORACLE_HOME/lib, $ORACLE_HOME/bin, etc) from the definition.

4. Log off the DBMS host, then log on again as the Oracle software owner. That will usually be sufficient to pick up your changes to the .bash_profile file and the Preinstallation RPM's changes to resource limits. However, if you are using a VNC (Virtual Network Computing) desktop, you will need to kill your Xvnc server process on the DBMS host, and then restart the Xvnc server.
5. At the Unix prompt, run the env command and verify there are no Oracle-related environment variables defined.

Installation of Oracle 19c 64-bit Database Software

  Perform the following tasks on the DBMS host as the Oracle software owner.

1. Log on the DBMS host as the Oracle software owner.
2. Change the current working directory to the Oracle Database Home by entering at the Unix prompt:

   % cd /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1

3. Extract the downloaded Oracle 19c Database image file into the Database Home directory by entering at the Unix prompt:

   % unzip -q path_to_downloaded_image_file

   Edit this file

   /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/cv/admin/cvu_config

   # Fallback to this distribution id

   CV_ASSUME_DISTID=OEL8

   uncomment this line and change the distribution ID to

   OEL8

4. Run the Oracle installer by entering at the Unix prompt:

   % /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/runInstaller

   The installer displays the installation screens as a series of steps, described below.

Installation Screen Steps

1. Configuration Option

   Select Set Up Software Only.

2. Database Installation Option

   Select Single instance database installation.

3. Database Edition

   Select either Enterprise Edition or Standard Edition 2.

4. Installation Location

   Oracle base: /opt/oracle
   Software location: /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1

5. Create Inventory

   Inventory Directory: /opt/oraInventory
   oraInventory Group Name: orainv

6. Privileged Operating System groups

   Database Administrator (OSDBA) group: oradba
   In general, also enter oradba for each of the other groups on this screen, unless you prefer to assign specialized groups for some or all of them.

7. Root script execution configuration

   Do not select (do not check): Automatically run configuration scripts

8. Perform Prerequisite Checks

   The installer checks to ensure your computer is configured properly for an Oracle Database installation. Review the results of the prerequisite checks. If there were any error messages, fix the issues causing the error messages.

9. Summary

   Review the summary of the pending software installation. Click Install to start the installation.

10. Install Product

    The progress of the installation is displayed on the screen. When the Execute Configuration Scripts window opens, follow the on-screen instructions to execute the listed configuration scripts as the root Unix user.

11. Finish

    A message is displayed indicating the installation was successful.

Post-Installation Tasks for Oracle Software Owner

  Perform the following tasks on the DBMS host as the Oracle software owner.

1. Log on the DBMS host as the Oracle software owner
2. Add these commands to the Oracle software owner's .bash_profile file:

   export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
   export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
   export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
   export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
   export NLS_LANG=American_America.WE8ISO8859P1
   

3. Log off the DBMS host, then log on again as the Oracle software owner. That will usually be sufficient to pick up your changes to the .bash_profile file. However, if you are using a VNC (Virtual Network Computing) desktop, you will need to kill your Xvnc server process on the DBMS host, and then restart the Xvnc server.
4. Optionally make a backup copy (for future reference) of any root scripts that were manually run during the installation, such as /opt/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh and /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/root.sh.
5. Download and install Release Updates (RU) patches for the Oracle 19c Database software from the My Oracle Support website. Oracle provides Release Updates on a quarterly basis.